Consolidation deformation

Compression Deformation

Consolidation deformation (rebound and/or compression) resulting from the excavation and/or external loading is calculated based on general consolidation theory (Coduto, 2001, 2010).

Case 1: Rebound deformation ()

       (22)

Case 2: Overconsolidated soil – Case I ()

       (23)

Figure 4. Overconsolidated soil – Case I ()

Case 3: Overconsolidated soil – Case II ()

       (24)

Figure 5. Overconsolidated soil – Case II ()

Case 4: Normally consolidated soils (,)

       (25)

where, 

and are the normalized settlement indexes,

is the thickness of soil layer, i,

is the effective overburden pressure, and

is the induced stresses due to external loading.

Figure 6. Normally consolidated soils (,) 

The induced stresses due to external loading, , are calculated using Boussinesq's equation ().